On 15 November 2021, the US$1.2 trillion Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) was passed, ushering in substantial federal funding to bolster the nation’s infrastructure. The funding package comprises up to US$63 billion for Water Infrastructure and Western Water Infrastructure appropriations.
Moving into fiscal year 2025 of the 2022–2026 appropriations timeline, Bluefield’s team of water experts has evaluated the progress of project funding across 10 discrete programs and subprograms administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR). The evaluation was conducted at the request of clients who expressed concerns about the slow pace at which funds are being disbursed to states and utilities.
The lion’s share of the funding (US$43.5 billion of the US$51.3 billion tracked) is channeled through existing State Revolving Fund (SRF) programs. Half of this allocation supplements traditional SRF programs, while the rest is designated for projects addressing lead service lines (LSLs) and PFAS/emerging contaminants (ECs). Apart from SRFs, another US$7.3 billion is appropriated for Water Infrastructure for the Nation (WIIN), Water Recycling and Desalination, Water Storage and Conveyance, and WaterSMART Grants.
This Insight Report and accompanying data dashboard present a bottom-up analysis of the funds and their movements, from federal agency to award recipient.
Table of Contents
Section 1:
Report Methodology
Scope of Analysis: Selected IIJA-Funded Programs
Utility-Level Projects Funded by IIJA
Section 2:
Influence of IIJA Funding on SRF Program Capacity
State Revolving Funds: Traditional vs. IIJA Requirements
IIJA SRF Award Timeline Going Forward
Breaking Down the Funding by Program
Tracking the Flow of SRF Funding
Status of SRF Subawards
State Utilization of IIJA SRF Funding
Geographic Distribution of Subawards
Lead Service Lines
Section 3: Other Program Updates
Funding Status of Select Non-SRF Programs
Distribution of BOR Program Dollars
List of Exhibits
- Ten IIJA Water Programs Under Analysis
- Mapping the Flow of Federal Dollars Related to Report Scope
- Historical SRF Appropriations, 1989–2026
- Traditional SRF Program vs. IIJA SRF Program
- IIJA Timeline for Remaining Funding Period (FFY 2024–2026)
- Flow of SRF Funds from Federal Government to State Agencies (July 2024)
- IIJA Status Update by SRF Subprogram, August 2024
- Flow of IIJA Dollars through the SRF Awarding Process
- Status of IIJA SRF Obligations by State
- Top 10 States by Total Subawards
- Top 15 States Receiving IIJA DWSRF Lead Service Line Funding
- Funding Summary of Non-SRF Programs
- Distribution of IIJA Dollars to Select BOR Programs